A lot of newcomers assume that healthcare in Canada is completely free — but that’s only part of the story. The public health system, funded through taxes, covers essential services like visits to doctors, hospital stays, and emergency care. But things like dental work, prescriptions, eye exams, and mental health counseling? Those often come out of pocket unless you have private insurance or provincial coverage.

I’ve seen people get shocked when they’re handed a $200 bill after a routine dental cleaning. Or find out their antidepressants aren’t covered unless they qualify for a provincial drug plan. Even something as simple as a glasses prescription can cost you unless you’re on a plan that includes vision care.

So what’s actually covered? It varies by province. For example, Ontario’s OHIP covers some vision and dental for children under 18, but not adults. In BC, there’s a basic drug plan for seniors and low-income residents, but others need to buy private insurance. And if you’re using a therapist, most sessions aren’t covered unless you’re in a hospital or part of a specific program.

This makes private insurance a common necessity — especially for families. But premiums can add up, and not all plans cover the same services. So the real question is: how much do you need to budget for healthcare beyond the basics?

What kind of medical costs surprised you when you first arrived? Did your home country’s healthcare system prepare you for this? Are you relying on employer insurance, provincial plans, or paying out of pocket? Share your experience — it helps others plan better.